History, examined beyond the frame.

Built to study Earth’s upper atmosphere, Arecibo became a remarkable instrument for radar astronomy, pulsar research and the discovery of distant planets.

The FLN paired armed attacks with a proclamation of independence. The opening of the Algerian War was also a struggle over who could speak for the nation.

An invitation to the Lausanne conference sharpened the struggle between Ankara and Istanbul. The assembly ended the sultanate while keeping the caliphate.

The first full-scale thermonuclear test destroyed Elugelab. Its history includes an immense experiment, displaced islanders and consequences measured in decades.

Earthquake, tsunami and fire devastated Lisbon. The response reshaped the city and left a record of questions, rescued documents and haunting prints.